
When the California Privacy Protection Agency (“CalPrivacy”) announced a $1.35 million settlement in September 2025 – the largest CCPA penalty to date – one of the itemized grievances stood out for any practitioner who has wrestled with a vendor redline: the company had failed to amend or enter into third-party data protection vendor contracts by regulatory deadlines.
This hints at where state privacy enforcement is heading. The consumer-facing side of privacy compliance – notices, opt-out links, cookie banners – is visible and testable. But the back-end architecture of a compliant privacy program lives at least in part in vendor contracts, and regulators increasingly treat those contracts as evidence of program maturity (or its absence). Nowhere is this more concrete than in California’s 11 CCR § 7051.
Continue Reading The Paper Trail: State Privacy Law Contracting Requirements






California has once again decided it needed to pass privacy legislation to protect the residents of the great state from the nefarious actions of Big Tech. However, this time they did it with a ballot initiative and not via the thoughtful (mostly) mechanism of the legislative process. The proponents of the California Privacy Rights Act of 2020 (“CPRA”) touted this as an improvement over the CCPA – but is it really? To listen to the proponents of the CPRA, it aims to strengthen California consumer privacy rights, while for the most part, avoiding the imposition of overly-burdensome requirements on a business, particularly those businesses that are already CCPA compliant. So, what’s changed, really?